Petroleum product.



SWILLIAMJYII. IBURTQN, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'ro STANDARD OIL COMPANY,

or WHITING, INDIANA, A con-ronA'rIonor I DIA-rm. a

- FETROLEUM PRODUCE.

ame Biro Drawing. v

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM M. BURTON, a citizen offithe United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Petroleum Products, of which the following is a specification.

'My invention relates to "improvements in. petroleum products. 3

More particularly the invention has'reference to certain new products which are obtained from the liquid residue of petroleum distillation as carried out according to the processes described in my prior latents No.

' 1,049,667 dated January 7, 1913 and No.

1,105,961 dated August 14, 1914..

In the first of rny prior patents above referred to a distillation process isdisclosed which consists in brief of the following procedure: High-boiling point hydrocarhens, 2'. 6., hydrocarbons having a boiling point upward of 500 F, mainly of the paraili'n series, and known .under the trade.

I terms of fuel oil or gas oil. are distilled at a temperature of about 750 F. and under a pressure of upward of'three atmospheres,

this pressure being maintained not only on the contents of the stillbut throughout the course ot the resulting vapors up to and during their condensation. In such disti1-'. ling operation approximatelysixty to seventy per cent. of the contentsof the still, will be driven off iinone run, 2'. 6., in a period of about thirty to thirty-sixhours, atthe end, of which period the fires may be drawn and the liquid residue, consisting of'about thirty to forty per cent. of the original charge, may be permitted, to cool and then drawn old, the still being thus emptied for the purposes of cleaning preparatory to beginning another run. I

in the second of my patents referred to above 1 disclose a'process by which this thirty to -forty per cent. residue which is withdrawn from the pressure still at the end ofa run ofthe latter may be prepared for a second treatment accordingfto the" process of myfirst patent above referred tot Very briefly, it may be stated. that according to the process of my second patent, the

thirty to forty percent. residuelwithdrawn" from the pressure still is led to a second still and inthis last stillis; distilled down to dryness underatmospheric, -or approxi process above descrihed consists' of.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan, 11, 1916}, Application filed February 20,1915. Serial No. 9,754. I I

mately atmospheric, pressure, {the distilled vapors. beingcondensed in a water-condenser and led, to a receiving drum. In this process about 95%of the contents of the still will go over to the condenser and drain into the receiving drum, the remaining 5% appear;- ing as coke or carbon in the still. Accord-' ing to the process of my Patent No. 1,105,961 the liquid collected in .the receiving drum was again subjected to the pressure distillation process of my Batent No. 1,049,667, either alone or: mixed with a fresh charge of fuel oil or bottoms from the re-distil- 'lationof crude gasolene, the end and aim of as disclosed in my prior Patent No. 1,105,961 1 I formerly again subjected to the pressure distillation process and thereby. converted into gasolene, is itself a new and useful pe troleum product, having valuable properties not ;found in any other petroleum product heretofore known and being readily;

distinguished from all other products by simple physical tests. k 2 My new petroleum product as madehy the a mixe mm of oils of varying specific gravity and chemical composition, in large part-members of the upper range of the paraffin series, but including also some proportion ofuns'atu-f rated hydrocarbons, asphalts, cyclic com-' pounds and other products'and byproducts} of petroleum distillation, the exact constitu tion of nyoil beingdependent upon'the na-. ture of the raw rnaterialnsed inits mane-1 factur-e. That is, it will be understood that.

the fuel oil-orgas oilwhi'ch forms theraw"; I 7

material. from whichmy' new product is:

made is'f'itselfa mixture of the varjiou's-resi dues of petroleum 'di'stilla-tion'a'nd' may vary' toa considerable extentin chemical 'composition, according to, the relative pro'portions' of the "va'mot'ls residual oils. [Benign obtainedfrom such a raw ma'terial my new j product naturally issubgect to certain minor} variations in its'chemica-l monsgitution, butl as before stated, It may he" said to "consist F or purposes of comparison I will also set' forth similar gravity-viscosity tables of some common-petroleum oils made by other processes:

OiZs made from California crude petroleum.

Gravity Viscosity at 10.0".

32. 13s 022s macle from Kansas-Oklahoma crude ZIMZTOZQRMQ Gravity Viscosity at 100.

26c res By plotting graphically the gravity-viscpsity curve of the fractions'which make up my new product. and by plptting'similar gravity-viscosity curves ofthe other oils "given by way of exampleit will be clearly seen that over the whole range of its constituent fractions my product has a considerabiy lower viscosity than other oils of the same gravity or density. lihis difi 'erence is sd'marked as to be readily distinguishable by even the most approximate tests, and my new product has,"because or its most unusual properties in this respect, displaced other productsin commercial uses in which a heavy oil having a low v scosity is de- "in physical appearance and in chemica constitution my new product appears to be ,ghstantiaily the same as other petroleum oils of the-same gravity, lit may be filtered,

and wing ges d alkahs, fractionated .a -e srv ss Su lease: to the. se ward memes processes of petroleum refining in so far as is necessary to fit it for any particular use, retaining always, however, to a marked and clearly distinguishable degree, the salient novel characteristic pointed out, that is, an exceedingly low viscosity relative to its gravity. j y

As has been pointed out in the foregoing specification, my new product is. not'a single oil of definite chemical composition, but a mixture of oils, largely of the saturated or paraffin series but varying considerably in specific gravity and capable of being fractionated or otherwise separated into itsconstituent parts, or into mixtures of anyof these constituents, according to the use to which. it is to be put, 13? or example, the heavier fractions have been found particubinder twine, a preferred oil for this purpose larly useful asran impregnating agent for being a mixture having a gravity of about 15 Baum and a viscosity at F. of about 135 (Saybolt), the mixture comprising fractions ranging in gravity from about 10 to 20 and in viscosity from about 200 to 50. For other purposes heavier or lighter fractions or various mixtures of the same may be employed to obtain a mixed product of the desired gravity, and such product, re- I gardless of its exact constitution, will in all cases be clearly distinguished from all proob I ucts heretofore known by reason of its low viscosity.

The exact physical and chemical proper-v ties of the oils which constitute my new product may obviously vary through quite a wide range and for the purpose of defining my product ll shall, therefore, refer only to its salient, novel characteristic which will i ured by the Saybolt viscosimeter' and y is the Baurn gravity of the oil.

'While the mathematical curve as expressed by the foregoing-equation does not follow absolutely the actual relation between gravity and viscosity of the various oils which constitute my new product, it expresses this relationship within a fair degree of accuracy and sufliciently closely to identify my product and to distinguish it clea diy from all other petroleum-oils What I claim is:

Ll. As a new article of manufacture, a pe; trole un oil characterized bythe followingand its viscosity:

elm- +106 961a-29 -244 53296=0,

where w is the viscosity at 100 F. accordapproximate relation betweenits gravity ing to the Saybolt viscosimeter and y the Baum gravity of the oil.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a petroleum distillate produced by the following process: distilling an oil having a boiling point of upward of 500 F. at a temperature from about 650 .to 850 F. and under a pressure of upward of three atmospheres until about 65% of the oil has been distilled over,

drawing ofi' the residue from the pressure:

still, distilling the latter under approxiing andcollecting the distillate.

3. As'a new article of manufacture, a petroleum oil having a Baum gravity of approximately 15 and a viscosity of approxlmately 130, as measured by the Saybolt viscosimeter-at 100 F. and comprising a mixture of fractions mainly of the paraflin series and having a Baum gravityvarymg approximately from 20 to 10 and 'a corresponding viscosity ranging approximately from 50 to 200.

WILLIAM M. BURTON. In presence of- L. HEIsLAR,

D. O. THORSEN. 

